The fundamental 放遠reason is the leakag站笑e of concrete rigid r女市oofing waterproof layer of concrete cra費新cks, according to the caus會地es of the cracks can吧費 be divided into s睡們tructural crack和快s, temperature cracks and construction拍紙 cracks in three, its character為村istics are as follows: 1 the str白你ucture crack width is larger, and mor票跳e for the low penetration, occu報音rred in the join師但ts of roof panel影舊 2; temperature 畫動crack rules and for the long cra長去ck; 3 construction 我師cracks generally irregul著雜ar, unequal length and more土開 intermittent crac了校ks. The causes and prevent他兒ive measures are as follows:
A cause
1 roof panel installa樂路tion quality is計員 poor, the installation is not levelin科唱g, no slurry, resulting in hol兵低low plate due to the use of false笑吧 points, weakened t木腦he hinge support role, increased 雨美the probability of crack線些s in concrete rigid waterproof l木大ayer;
2 filling process control is not劇分 strict, sealing is not full, vibra術議ting imperfect, structural me又們asures are not effective,秒厭 maintenance is not timel喝友y, resulting in long crack秒如s between plates, weaken the effect o場藍f waterproof ro車房of;
3 rigid waterproof layer thick紙店ness is not enough, resu市她lting in waterproof些學 layer is easy to crack, leakage;
4 lattice sew caulking飛煙 material set unreasonable, 空老poor quality, primary caused by impro家遠per handling, bonding is not strong, re了計sulting in the lattice weak joints通還 waterproof;
Compared with 5 improp科廠er concrete, vibrat話機ing imperfect, light pressure time cont湖湖rol to concrete e河紅arly dehydration, 有水maintenance is not timely, the construc我對tion of free water and the receive靜市d light freely on the surface and dr外事y cement, the concrete waterproo睡動f layer peeling, sand, concrete shri明城nkage cracks and insu了開fficient strength of waterproof 坐麗layer;
At the junction of 6 waterproof layer a相開nd other prominent part of the roof器飛 parapet, did not take part 東煙in the processing of flexibl吧靜e, waterproof layer cracks in 頻場varying degrees;
7 waterproof laye司錢r is not configured in 來能accordance with the requ短議irements of steel me工房sh, or its locatio又你n is not allowed,國黑 resulting in corrosi劇雪on of steel, thus affecting the dur從著ability of the waterproof layer;
The 8 node and detail treat亮服ment does not comply with the provis線地ions of the construction pr算雨ocess, flashing rough, resu什離lting in these areas就民 severely reduce the waterproof fun歌話ction;
9 basic cleanin話畫g is not clean, 這得so that the waterproof layer and leve道信ling layer and the gra睡她ssroots bond is not stro身藍ng, so that the c答冷racks caused by its leakage;
10 uneven settlement of the foundatio數聽n causes the roof cracks an著樂d leakage.
Two. Preventive measures
1 the soil is not uniform an雨海d uneven settlement, the building h身有as a high temperature and large 子志vibration or roof insulation layer明喝 with loose materials, shall not use ri數爸gid waterproof roof;
2 waterproof layer and screed layer con公鄉struction should be strictly check the 校開quality of the grassroots, t來我o ensure that the surface of the du歌得st and other debris clean up, and校街 use cement slurry brushin不師g, strengthen the bondi哥區ng ability with the grassro唱校ots;
3 leveling roof panel fr輛說ont, hollow plate type, c對愛heck the size and quality cer術草tificate, timely eliminate 通少unqualified produ睡錯cts, compacting plate hole pl要亮ug, application of cement mor司費tar base slurry 1:2.5讀議 installation, 個空ensure the hollow slab and the role of 校刀the bearing surface and hi多作nge support end streng對章th;
4 to strengthen the人放 joint grouting qual路高ity inspection work, in order to什月 ensure the filling density, hollow 志請slab under width not土廠 less than 40mm, to prev地低ent the emergence化笑 of real space phenomeno著上n, internal configuration of 業這reinforced seam拍生s 4 or 6, with cleaning plate side 男都debris and brush cement 廠要should be before stitching, sewin用微g and the following should訊海 be supported the application of C20 m船麗odel with concrete, expansive報開 agent and vibration compact朋議ing adding amount should 河事be concrete, ti兒市mely watering to seam doe空日s not appear serious Water Leakag金窗e prevail, found problems in a t中林imely manner;
5 concrete water cement ratio not gr說分eater than 0.55, experiments s關空how that under the same other 路頻conditions, the water cem銀放ent ratio incre雪器ases 0.05, the strength of 做舞concrete is reduced to ab海男out 5MPa; the concrete 音哥slump should be 3-5cm,木東 cement per cubic meter of concre秒房te should not be less到自 than 330kg, the rate should be 35-40% 音他sand, sand ratio should be 1:2-1費時:2.5, cement should choose small sh友風rinkage of Portland cement or去務 ordinary portland cement, the離舞 label should not be l一窗ower than 425, prohibited 劇風the use of volcan那笑o gray cement, 睡微coarse aggregate maximum particle到中 size of not more than 15mm, t學西he mud content should not be greate知制r than 1%, the app歌笑lication of fine aggregate or coarse藍近 sand, mud content should not be個畫 greater than 2%, mixing wat話窗er should be used to clean wat錢身er or water containing harmful substa光微nces;
6 when using ordinary concrete, water劇用proof agent or reducing agent ad南雨ding amount, the線關 dosage should be determined by the te我作st; the author suggests that the be妹小st use of the water是河proof layer mixed with UEA ex中煙pansive concrete shrinkag化南e compensating agent (the 科術content is general你街ly 10-15% cement weight). Becaus如不e of this expansion agent to 煙人generate large 月話amount of ettringite in the water,綠器 not only can make the concrete withi兒農n about 0.3-0.5MPa of the pr但如e stress concrete counter文鐘act most of the shr學物inkage, avoid or男村 reduce the concrete cracks, b我電ut also has the concrete filling 從好capillary effect 舞都of ettringite, t鄉師hereby increasing the density of c訊微oncrete, and al放南so prevent the corrosion internal腦得 reinforcement;村花
7 concrete should be equipped with 4 c花鄉old drawn wire mesh, spacing o林務f 100-200mm. Because its main rol媽見e is to resist the temperat上讀ure stress, prevent concrete cracki子開ng, so its position is different風了 from the position of steel be那會ams and slabs, 開雨the more close to the theory above醫是 is better, however, to prevent t水坐he corrosion of藍睡 the steel wire, t房鄉he middle should be located 腦機in the concrete, ensure that a說件t least a protective layer aroun討購d 15mm, wire mesh in grid校高 joint pouring concrete should be di制家sconnected, the laying去區 of overhead ch刀遠annel, set the pr店去otective cushion block, ensure the ac白線curate position;
8 set the right slot. The 歌們utility model is characterized i校去n that the utility睡刀 model is chara行鐘cterized in that the ut睡水ility model is characte城路rized in that the utility model is pr跳數ovided with a lattice joint in th新但e concrete rigid w從影aterproof layer and is fi看外lled with a flexible sealing past術拍e, and the util短白ity model can adapt to the deformatio秒來n of the temperature. Divi道事ding joint should be loca熱我ted in the following areas: supporting 亮光the end of roof panel roof; turnin門呢g point; at the junctio雨從n of the waterproof lay很空er and the top roof; cast-in-p路土lace support structure湖話; and dividing joint horizonta通對l spacing is greater than 6m,討南 dividing joint availab頻請le wide 30mm width 15mm high waterproo頻如f layer thickness of the wood. From the水光 initial set of concrete was re也市moved, and the refurbis金雨hment of the edge of loose parts. 少我The practice shows that it i畫友s not proper to set the 鐵不dividing seam to open t要行he concrete rigid waterproof la公一yer