Cause analysis 到鐘and prevention measures of exter區暗nal wall leakage
First, the poor qualit農學y of masonry walls
In the common quality 街姐problems of brick masonry, the reason日不s for the leakage of exterior在的 wall:
1, the brick layer of gray se匠用am mortar fullne土媽ss of less than 80%, vertical ash se舞樂am without mortar (empty可錢 seam or blind seam), for the rain leak國鐘age reserved internal ch高綠annel;
2, the frame structure fil電黃ling wall close to 師年the bottom of beam or plat物輛e bottom, without小從 stopping, the mas章女onry skew beam and plate t務錯op to bottom, with masonry mor也女tar for compression deformation, cause 紙弟the wall to sink, a gap formed inc亮店lined brick bodies and beams, pl道動ates, wall plas學子ter or scraping brown. The c熱在racks in the gap formed at;
3, the connection between 好快the frame column and the filling w他司all does not satis上朋fy the modulus of the brick時門, the bending steel ba哥你r is pressed into t如月he brick layer when the mas放兒onry is built, and a lar風藍ge gap is formed between the local書話 position of the 鐘但masonry and the column.
Preventive measures:
1, improve the mortar wo了還rkability, the prom資是otion of "31 build街窗ing", is strictly prohibite事站d to use dry brick walls, t訊了o ensure the ful輛坐l degree of mortar and improve女從 the bond strength;
2, fill the wall又車 to close to th愛兵e beam, the bottom of the plat鐘市e, should be spaced 15 days 大畫later, and then fi湖制ll it up compaction, a一著nd the use of cement mortar will be ti對到lted to the brick seam 資黑filling;
3, according to the modulus of還近 the brick, the frame column資聽.
Two, improper treatment of extern銀綠al walls
1, when the mouth of子是 the sealing materi紙到al, and the origin飛學al hole is not strict;
2, after the co電子mpletion of the proje電麗ct, the residents on the wa月時ll to take air conditioning pipe在線 hole, solar water heater pipe hole, 市鄉exhaust fan hole, resulting in cracks i男數n the wall and outsid公北e powder. Becau行身se of the restri銀話ctions, tenants and decoration, ca歌愛n not be handled ser線亮iously;
3, the shear wall construction道開 of the bolt casing i訊湖n the internal and external po金還wder, not seriously plugging or not 冷自plugging.
Preventive measures:
1, the entrance hole, strictly control 雜如the back rubbing seam flatness and輛山 rub bite depth, after the upper mo暗火rtar walls to ensure easy plug 些好yan. Closure of the hole, it is nece海體ssary to seriously clean呢電 and stay at the rubbing of the快和 mortar and debris, to 書線ensure that the bac嗎煙k rub gray seam flatnes微睡s, so that the Department of rubbi這自ng the line along the line;
2, the design of air conditioning,畫老 fan and other openings r姐學eserved. Frame ophthalmic b開校rick, waterproof mortar block, and a 1:遠人 3 cement mortar, to seriously clean店視 up debris and water plu師花gging holes before. The 木我bolt hole should be treated wit河笑h micro expansion cement morta子務r plug. Hole filling, shoul黑師d be sent to implement.
Three, the quality黑也 of external wall plastering or paste t樂購iles
1, wall plaster holl呢影owing and cracks;音時
2, the use of warp國技ing, cracking or corne北弟r of the brick;
3, brick fall not火民 carefully pointing.
Preventive measure筆如s:
1, before plastering should be吃愛 surface clean, eye holes filled up s兒一evere scaffolding; concrete wall surfa技化ce protruding larger place prior to p光科icking flat brush, and木得 texturing with interfac議妹ial agent of mortar, and長東 water conservation, in車們crease the cohesive force of mortar 人國and base;
2, plastering works 家房should be completed in 60 days生我 after masonry masonry, at le綠銀ast not less than 30體習 days;
3, brick masonry 兵山plastering the day b文靜efore, should respond to the 風音construction of the wal科老l water wet, let the gr唱體assroots absorb enough moisture, to wip腦中e the bottom ash, with th身們e scraping bar scraping, r制在ub the mortar to k我長eep moist soft;
4, the exterior wall pl微大astering must be str厭刀atified, is strictly prohibited on什綠ce again, after the en快關d of each layer, on舊雨ly the next layer of pl鄉子aster. The thic討通kness of each layer should b靜些e controlled at 6 ~ 10mm. The seam p都金osition of each layer should b船司e staggered and 坐離set in the middle of the concre你店te beam and column;
5, the powder must be se票器t partition. Window從朋sill, balcony and o錢金ther places of the 地市slope of not less than 29%, no d弟議rainage phenomenon;
6, should strengthen the maintenan近歌ce window after plastering, to花視 prevent the shrinkage問要 of cement mortar and the 西我internal force caused by the 笑門window and wall bet物大ween the windows of the wall under 離藍the weight and siz市有e of the negative moment p國西roduced by different subsidence關玩 force together, acc朋吃elerate the formation of plasterin飛作g cracks;
7, the summer should 花中be avoided in the 謝資sun exposure under the pla現窗stering, high temperature or wind w女家hen the construction should be s議高trengthened to p路可revent the premature loss of c鐵技ement mortar crack草音s. Maintenance should be carrie腦地d out after the end 個算of each layer of plaster;
8, cement mortar plaster民那ing with ordinary portland cement or sl些歌ag cement, sand should be熱又 used in medium, coarse sand, can not道媽 use fine sand, silt, the silt content購筆 shall not excee業器d 2%;
9, paste tiles, should b信信e first in the water for 2 hours,暗月 and then take out dry. When the 答南utility model is used, the inner也為 and the outer parts of t可資he inner part of學現 the utility model快為 can reach the in小慢ner and the outer parts o哥科f the inner par視計t of the inner part of th和個e inner part of the inne窗劇r part;
10, after the completion of tile b拿大onding, carefully cleanin的場g the tiles within the crevice o草看f residual mortar, water w窗刀et, with 1: 1 cement mortar. Poi風讀nting to the co兒一ncave tile 1mm. To in北近sert a pointing mortar小能 filled and compacted, then rub t輛服o smooth, without por如呢e;
11, when the installation of the山的 partition, the pulp sho花習uld be even and ful少訊l, embedded firmly affixed.裡歌
Four, aluminum alloy or機醫 plastic steel window frame and地冷 wall connection is not strong, l廠問ax sealing
1, the size or position of the 林能wall hole does not mee頻花t the design requiremen厭器ts, the gap between the wind業人ow frame and the wal木飛l can not be seriously de音工alt with, the gap is too small,海友 can not fill the material;站美 gap is too large, filled with false工了;
2, from the inside and outside the wi火見ndow plaster powder two cons高鐘truction unit, construction time,睡答 use of different materia歌女ls, the formatio作著n of cracks;
3, improper construction sequen窗拍ce. The outer brown powder scr短農aping, which is installed 廠體in the window frame, the wi綠雪ndow frame and the wall bet城錢ween the mortar which is not ea議熱sy to fill out. In a喝道ddition, the adjusting cushion可鄉 block of the fixed window frame 那秒is left under the window frame, 暗相and the quality of the two filli又器ng and plasterin得城g can not be guaranteed廠長 after the removal;
4, the window frame 化習and the wall is not fi腦離xed, resulting in the window under t北吧he wind load displ睡近acement, and sealing materials cra他音ck;
5, the window is insta我弟lled, not in the outsid唱好e of the window frame and the wall of t員分he connection of the seal 黑請or seal failure;那數
6, the window frame視購 material and the wall mate信山rial thermal expansion紅謝 coefficient is different, the 媽湖window frame and the wall connection的紙 place is easy to produ音船ce fine